The difference between 'throw at' and 'throw to'

To throw something at someone is to hurt him with the thing you throw.

On the other hand, to throw something to someone is to pass the thing to him without any intention of hurting and he is prewarned that something will his way and he is supposed to catch it.

The following sentences will make the above explanation clear to readers.
1 Out of angry for being so near him, the boy threw a stone at the dog with all his might. (with the intention of hurting it and making it go away)
2 I threw a can of Cola-cola to John after saying, “Catch it buddy!”. (John knew that I was passing him a drink and he reacted by catching it with his hand.